What term describes a physical or mental impairment that significantly limits major life activities?

The term that describes a physical or mental impairment that significantly limits major life activities is "disability." This definition aligns with various legal frameworks, including the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), which specifically defines disability as a substantial limitation to one or more major life activities, such as walking, talking, or self-care. By categorizing an impairment as a disability, it ensures that individuals are recognized as needing protections and accommodations to support their participation in everyday life and activities.

In contrast, the other terms do not capture the legal and social implications of significant impairments in the same way. "Condition" is more general and can refer to any state of health without the specific limitation emphasis. "Limitation" lacks the broader context of both mental and physical aspects combined with significant impairment. "Infirmity" usually refers to weakness or ailment but does not encompass the legal definition or implications associated with being classified as disabled. Thus, "disability" is the most accurate and relevant term in this context.